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Landscape Lighting - Installing Low-Voltage Outside Lights Home Repair Articles | December 27 Yanni Gourde Jersey , 2010
Looking to take on the task of installing landscape lighting? Installation of low voltage outside lights is something that instantly pays dividends. Not only do they give your house a more welcoming, inviting and warm appearance, but they also add a layer of security and safety to your home.


Looking to take on the task of installing landscape lighting?


Installation of low voltage outside lights is something that instantly pays dividends. Not only do they give your house a more welcoming, inviting and warm appearance, but they also add a layer of security and safety to your home. If this sounds like the kind of job you want to take on yourself Ryan Callahan Jersey , then you'll need to become familiar with the components of a landscape lighting system. Included on this list are the transformer, low-voltage lighting cable, fixtures, and bulbs. Here's a quick breakdown on each of these components:


Transformer


A transformer is an electrical device that converts (or transforms) a 120 volt current into a safer 12 volt current. This type of transformer is known as an electronic low-voltage transformer. It contains an electronic device called an inverter. The inverter is what actually converts a direct current (DC) to an alternating current (AC).


As a rule of thumb, it's best to size your transformer based on the cumulative wattage all of the lights in the system will need Brayden Point Jersey , plus about 25% more for the cable. The additional wattage also accounts for the prevention of voltage drop (or a reduction in voltage), which occurs the further the line is away from the transformer. So lights closest to the transformer will shine brightest, and those furthest away will shine less so. The quality of the wires used in the system will also affect the degree of voltage drop.


To illustrate further and for the sake of simplicity, let's say you have just purchased a system that includes 8 fixtures, each with a 10 watt lamp. The minimum amount of wattage you will need is 80 watts (8 fixtures x 10 watts = 80). Next you need to multiply 80 by 1.25 (or 25% more). So Ondrej Palat Jersey , 80 x 1.25 = 100. This is the size of the transformer you will need. You can increase the size of the transformer even further to account for additional fixtures you may add in the future; but generally it's not advised to exceed the load wattage by more than 100%.


Cables


As you might guess, a low-voltage landscape lighting system requires specialized cables to run from the transformer to the fixtures. It is possible to install these cables without digging up or otherwise disturbing an intact landscape. This is done by stapling the cable firmly into place and covering it with dirt or mulch. But the usual method is to bury the cable in a 3 - 6 inch shallow entrenchment.


#12 SPT cable is the most commonly used wire in landscape lighting designs. This cable is composed of tightly bound strands of copper. This distinction sets it apart from wire, which is composed of a single strand of copper. But you will frequently hear the term ?wire? used for ?cable? when describing the line used in the lighting system.


SPT is an abbreviation for Service Parallel Thermoplastic, which describes the type of cable. #12 references the diameter of the copper strands, as set forth in the standard measurement guide of the American Wire Gauge (or AWG) in the United States. The larger the wire Alex Killorn Jersey , the smaller the number for the cable. This means a #8 SPT cable has a larger diameter than a #12 SPT cable, and therefore is able to carry a greater electrical load.


Although #12 SPT cable is the standard, other sizes are also used in a residential landscape design. Pigtails (or the wires connected to the fixtures) are commonly #16 SPT cables. For instances when a wire runs longer distances, #8 or sometimes even #10 cables are used to handle the increased wattage load and to reduce voltage drop.


Fixtures


Low voltage landscape lighting fixtures come in all shapes, sizes Tyler Johnson Jersey , and colors. When choosing fixtures, look for ones that are not just decorative, but also capable of being easily adjusted or moved as changes are made to your landscape.


Area lights are designed to diffuse the light over a large object or area. These lights are also known as flood, wash, up Luke Schenn Jersey , or spot lights. They are used to highlight bushes, trees, statues, walls, etc. When implemented skillfully Steven Stamkos Jersey , the effect of these lights can be dramatic.


Path lights are designed to illuminate the area just beneath and spread out within a few feet of the fixture. These lights are most commonly used on driveways and walkways. Generally, these lights should be spaced between 6 and 10 feet apart. What you don't want is for your walkway or driveway to resemble a mini-runway.